Ainu or Ryuukuu people: The First People of Japan are celebrating cultural revival and pride.

Ainu or Ryuukuu thumbnail: Kimono-style coats with bold patterns hanging from rods
© Travis (adapted) (CC BY-NC 2.0)

Ainu (japan-guide.com)

Ainu, First People of Japan, The Original & First Japanese (7 minute YouTube documentary)

Ainu Museum website

The Ainu: Reviving the Indigenous Spirit of Japan

Experiencing Ainu culture (Japan: the Official Guide)

Samurai: Japan’s fascinating medieval warrior class

Samurai thumbnail: A balding man wearing armour and looking proud and serious
The Public Domain Review (adapted)

Samurai and Bushido (2-minute video documentary at history.com)

Samurai (japan-guide.com)

Samurai Archives

Edo Period (1603–1867) (japan-guide.com)

Shinto: Japan’s unique spiritual customs, beliefs and practices

Shinto thumbnail: an orange-red torii gate in a lake; it has a curved top beam supported by pillars
Joe deSousa (adapted) (public domain)

Shinto—Japan’s native religion (Japan Zone)

Buddhism and Shinto (Welcome to Miyajima)

Shinto: Japan’s Oldest Religion

Shinto (Religions, BBC)

Buddhism: An ancient religion that has been widely adopted in Japan

Buddhism thumbnail: a very large greenish stone statue of a man in robes sitting with his legs crossed
Joe deSousa (public domain)

Buddhism in Japan (Japan Zone)

Buddhism and Shinto (Welcome to Miyajima)

The Real Japanese Monk’s Guide to Buddhism in Japan

A brief history of Buddhism in Japan (Japanese Buddhism)

Zen and the Japanese Arts

Geisha/maiko: Explore the mysterious world of Japan’s most celebrated artists and performers

Geisha/naiko thumbnail: a young woman with a very pale face wearing a kimino and ornate headpiece.
© Joe Baz (CC BY 2.0)

Geisha (Japan Zone)

The modern lives of Geisha – an interview (Wall street Journal)

Sayuki: (Australian) Geisha in Asakusa

Memoirs of a real life Geisha (The Daily Telegraph)

Japanese Gardens: Places to inspire and delight everybody ... create your own paradise.

Japanese gardens thumbnail: a garden with flowering plants, a tree in blossom, a stream and some small open buildings
© Caroline Culler (CC BY-SA 3.0)

Gardens (japan-guide.com)

The nature of Japanese garden art (Bonsai Beautiful)

7 Japanese aesthetic principles to change your thinking (Presentation Zen)

Bonsai and Japanese Gardens in Japan